Frequently asked questions
Can a blood test diagnose cancer?
Can a blood test diagnose cancer?
No single blood test can definitively diagnose cancer. Tumour markers are used alongside imaging, biopsies, and clinical assessment to build a complete picture. An elevated marker is a signal to investigate further with your doctor, not a diagnosis. Many benign conditions also raise tumour marker levels.
What is PSA and who should test it?
What is PSA and who should test it?
Prostate-specific antigen is produced by prostate cells and elevated levels can indicate prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or prostatitis. Men over 50 — or over 40 with a family history of prostate cancer — should discuss annual PSA testing with their GP.
How often should cancer screening blood tests be done?
How often should cancer screening blood tests be done?
Frequency depends on the specific marker, your age, personal risk factors, and family history. PSA is typically measured annually for at-risk men. Your GP or oncologist will advise on the appropriate testing schedule for your situation.
What causes tumour markers to be elevated without cancer?
What causes tumour markers to be elevated without cancer?
Many tumour markers are not cancer-specific. PSA can be raised by benign prostate enlargement or prostatitis. CA-125 can be elevated by endometriosis, ovarian cysts, or liver disease. Markers must always be interpreted in clinical context and not used as standalone screening tools.